Globalization increasing at a rapid rate |
Globalisation is defined as the international integration of economy, politics, social and cultural values through the proliferation of Telecommunication and Information technology, barrier-free trade and highly sophisticated sources of transportation.
Some scholars trace its footprints back to the era before Christ while most of the scholars are of the view that the phenomenon of Globalisation originated in the 16th century when Europeans began their quest for knowledge and modern sciences after wasting centuries in their dark period. Globalisation in its true meanings came into practical sense after the destructive World War 1 with the formation of League of Nations and that of the formation of United Nations Organization after World War 2.
The League of Nations was never been successful because some major powers including the United States of America opted out of it, in contrast to it, the United Nations Organization is highly successful in terms of its members and international recognition.
The formation of UNO is also coincided with the formation of World Bank for reconstruction and development (also known as World Bank) and International monetary fund and later on the with the formation of World Trade organization. The formation of these international organizations truly paved the way for now what is known as “Globalisation”.
Era of Globalisation
Though Globalization has effects on almost every part of human life yet we discuss some major areas that have developed phenomenally with the advent of Globalization.
1) Economic Globalization 2) Political Globalization 3) Cultural Globalization
Economic Globalization
The economy is the area which has been drastically affected by Globalization. Globalisation of economy was the direct result of the formation of major economic organizations on world level such as Word bank, International monetary fund and International trade organization (replaced by Word trade organization). All of these organizations and World trade organization, in particular, pushed for free-market economies by asking member states to reduce tariffs and customs duties on products and goods imported from other countries and is more or less successful in its effort.
IMF and World Bank are also a part of this system and lend money to member states by employing certain preconditions which help in opening up of their economies. China achieved an unexpected economic growth when it opened up its economy to the world through the initiative of China economic forum in the 1980s.
In contrast, Pakistan’s economic growth has not been comparable to China and even India but this cannot be called as the failure of Globalisation rather it’s our failure to take full advantage of it. Apart from these organizations, NGOs (Non-governmental organizations) and MNCs (Multinational corporations) have also played an important role in the globalization of the economy.
Political Globalization
Globalisation of politics is basically referred to the reduction or loss of powers of Nation states to the international institutions such as United Nations organization, European Union, and ASEAN etc. Apart from these, organizations like Bill Gates and Melinda foundations dictate decision-making on world level which truly reflects the effects of globalization on politics.
No country could go in isolation nowadays and Pakistan being a developing country cannot afford to be cut-off from the international community. Once Pakistan was supporting the Taliban regime but when international community turned against them, Pakistan followed the suit.
Cultural Globalization
Cultural Globalization defined as is the transmission of ideas, thoughts, music, food etc around the world that encourages social relations. The above was a typical definition with which many people differ. Some people call it as the onslaught of western culture on the eastern traditions whereas some take it in positive sense urging a blend of both.
Let us first take Music industry in terms of Globalization. Globalisation has truly revolutionized it with some musicians going for fusion instead of the traditional music; one example of this is Qawwal Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan who got immense fame with the blend of Western and Eastern music. Food is also under the scrutiny of Globalisation with rising popularity of McDonald's and KFC among the youth.
Thus, on one side Globalization has provided a good fusion of tradition and modern ideas but on the other side, it has an adverse effect on our cultural values, destroying our joint family system and ethics by replacing them with the Nuclear family system and freedom without responsibilities.
Conclusion
Pakistan can take full advantage of economic, political and cultural Globalisation through a proper strategy but one thing is absolutely clear and that is “No one can stop Globalisation”.
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